Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide, with an estimated 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths in 2018 alone. The vast majority of cervical cancers are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection that is extremely common.
High-Risk HPV Cervical Cancer Symptoms
| Symptoms | Details |
|–|–|
| Abnormal vaginal bleeding | Bleeding between periods, after menopause, or after sex |
| Pelvic pain | Pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis, especially during intercourse |
| Unusual vaginal discharge | Discharge that is foul-smelling, bloody, or watery |
| Changes in bowel or bladder habits | Difficulty urinating, constipation, or diarrhea |
| Weight loss | Unexplained weight loss, especially if accompanied by other symptoms |
HPV and Cervical Cancer
HPV is a virus that infects the cells of the cervix, the opening of the uterus. There are over 100 different types of HPV, and some are more likely to cause cervical cancer than others. The types of HPV that are most likely to cause cervical cancer are called high-risk HPVs.
High-risk HPVs can cause changes in the cells of the cervix that can lead to cervical cancer. These changes can take many years to develop, and most women who are infected with HPV will not develop cervical cancer. However, it is important to be aware of the symptoms of cervical cancer so that you can get tested and treated early if you are diagnosed.
Early Detection and Treatment
Early detection and treatment of cervical cancer is essential for improving survival rates. The Pap test is a screening test that can detect precancerous changes in the cells of the cervix. The Pap test is recommended for all women over the age of 21 who have ever had sex.
If you have any of the symptoms of cervical cancer, it is important to see your doctor right away. Your doctor will perform a pelvic exam and Pap test to check for any abnormalities. If your Pap test results are abnormal, your doctor may recommend further testing, such as a colposcopy or biopsy.
Treatment for cervical cancer depends on the stage of the cancer. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Prevention
HPV is a sexually transmitted infection, so the best way to prevent cervical cancer is to get vaccinated against HPV. The HPV vaccine is recommended for all preteens and young adults. The vaccine is safe and effective, and it can protect against most types of HPV that cause cervical cancer.
In addition to getting vaccinated, there are other things you can do to reduce your risk of cervical cancer, including:
* Limiting the number of sexual partners
* Using condoms during sex
* Getting regular Pap tests
* Quitting smoking
Conclusion
Cervical cancer is a serious disease, but it is one that can be prevented and treated if it is detected early. By getting vaccinated against HPV, getting regular Pap tests, and knowing the symptoms of cervical cancer, you can help to protect yourself from this deadly disease.
